diff --git a/app/Exceptions/Handler.php b/app/Exceptions/Handler.php
index 57cc00af8f..7277fce1b0 100644
--- a/app/Exceptions/Handler.php
+++ b/app/Exceptions/Handler.php
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ use Illuminate\Support\Arr;
 use Illuminate\Validation\ValidationException as LaravelValidationException;
 use Laravel\Passport\Exceptions\OAuthServerException as LaravelOAuthException;
 use LaravelJsonApi\Core\Exceptions\JsonApiException;
+use LaravelJsonApi\Exceptions\ExceptionParser;
 use League\OAuth2\Server\Exception\OAuthServerException;
 use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Exception\SuspiciousOperationException;
 use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
@@ -67,6 +68,19 @@ class Handler extends ExceptionHandler
             JsonApiException::class,
         ];
 
+
+    /**
+     * Register the exception handling callbacks for the application.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function register()
+    {
+        $this->renderable(
+            ExceptionParser::make()->renderable()
+        );
+    }
+
     /**
      * Render an exception into an HTTP response. It's complex but lucky for us, we never use it because
      * Firefly III never crashes.
@@ -81,15 +95,21 @@ class Handler extends ExceptionHandler
     public function render($request, \Throwable $e): Response
     {
         $expectsJson = $request->expectsJson();
-        // if the user requests anything /api/, assume the user wants to see JSON.
-        if (str_starts_with($request->getRequestUri(), '/api/')) {
-            app('log')->debug('API endpoint, always assume user wants JSON.');
-            $expectsJson = true;
-        }
 
         app('log')->debug('Now in Handler::render()');
+
+        if($e instanceof JsonApiException) {
+            // ignore it: controller will handle it.
+
+            app('log')->debug(sprintf('Return to parent to handle JsonApiException(%d)', $e->getCode()
+                              ));
+
+            return parent::render($request, $e);
+        }
+
         if ($e instanceof LaravelValidationException && $expectsJson) {
             // ignore it: controller will handle it.
+
             app('log')->debug(sprintf('Return to parent to handle LaravelValidationException(%d)', $e->status));
 
             return parent::render($request, $e);
diff --git a/app/Helpers/Collector/GroupCollector.php b/app/Helpers/Collector/GroupCollector.php
index dd2d09357f..ba86169775 100644
--- a/app/Helpers/Collector/GroupCollector.php
+++ b/app/Helpers/Collector/GroupCollector.php
@@ -805,7 +805,7 @@ class GroupCollector implements GroupCollectorInterface
                     return 'zzz';
                 }
 
-                exit('here we are');
+                exit('here we are 2');
             });
         }
 
diff --git a/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/AccountRepository.php b/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/AccountRepository.php
index a6366d9ab0..357c2c5c1b 100644
--- a/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/AccountRepository.php
+++ b/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/AccountRepository.php
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ class AccountRepository extends AbstractRepository implements QueriesAll, Create
 
 
 
+
     /**
      * SiteRepository constructor.
      */
@@ -101,6 +102,12 @@ class AccountRepository extends AbstractRepository implements QueriesAll, Create
         return Capabilities\CrudAccount::make();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * TODO piggy banks
+     * TODO transactions
+     *
+     * @return CrudRelations
+     */
     protected function relations(): CrudRelations
     {
         Log::debug(__METHOD__);
diff --git a/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/AccountRequest.php b/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/AccountRequest.php
index 82b2607982..c0b6e05c49 100644
--- a/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/AccountRequest.php
+++ b/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/AccountRequest.php
@@ -2,15 +2,18 @@
 
 namespace FireflyIII\JsonApi\V2\Accounts;
 
-use FireflyIII\Rules\BelongsUser;
+use FireflyIII\Rules\Account\IsUniqueAccount;
+use FireflyIII\Rules\IsBoolean;
+use FireflyIII\Rules\IsValidPositiveAmount;
+use FireflyIII\Rules\UniqueAccountNumber;
+use FireflyIII\Rules\UniqueIban;
+use FireflyIII\Support\Request\ConvertsDataTypes;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
-use Illuminate\Validation\Rule;
 use LaravelJsonApi\Laravel\Http\Requests\ResourceRequest;
-use LaravelJsonApi\Validation\Rule as JsonApiRule;
 
 class AccountRequest extends ResourceRequest
 {
-
+    use ConvertsDataTypes;
     /**
      * Get the validation rules for the resource.
      *
@@ -19,16 +22,36 @@ class AccountRequest extends ResourceRequest
     public function rules(): array
     {
         Log::debug(__METHOD__);
-        die('am i used');
+        $accountRoles   = implode(',', config('firefly.accountRoles'));
+        $ccPaymentTypes = implode(',', array_keys(config('firefly.ccTypes')));
+        $types          = implode(',', array_keys(config('firefly.subTitlesByIdentifier')));
+        $type           = $this->convertString('type');
+        //var_dump($types);exit;
+
         return [
-            'type' => [
-                new BelongsUser()
-            ],
-            'name' => [
-                'nullable',
-                'string',
-                'max:255',
-            ],
+            'name'                 => ['required', 'max:1024', 'min:1'], // , new IsUniqueAccount()
+            'account_type'                 => ['required','max:1024','min:1', sprintf('in:%s', $types)],
+//            'iban'                 => ['iban', 'nullable', new UniqueIban(null, $type)],
+//            'bic'                  => 'bic|nullable',
+//            'account_number'       => ['min:1', 'max:255', 'nullable', new UniqueAccountNumber(null, $type)],
+//            'opening_balance'      => 'numeric|required_with:opening_balance_date|nullable',
+//            'opening_balance_date' => 'date|required_with:opening_balance|nullable',
+//            'virtual_balance'      => 'numeric|nullable',
+//            'order'                => 'numeric|nullable',
+//            'currency_id'          => 'numeric|exists:transaction_currencies,id',
+//            'currency_code'        => 'min:3|max:3|exists:transaction_currencies,code',
+//            'active'               => [new IsBoolean()],
+//            'include_net_worth'    => [new IsBoolean()],
+//            'account_role'         => sprintf('nullable|in:%s|required_if:type,asset', $accountRoles),
+//            'credit_card_type'     => sprintf('nullable|in:%s|required_if:account_role,ccAsset', $ccPaymentTypes),
+//            'monthly_payment_date' => 'nullable|date|required_if:account_role,ccAsset|required_if:credit_card_type,monthlyFull',
+//            'liability_type'       => 'nullable|required_if:type,liability|required_if:type,liabilities|in:loan,debt,mortgage',
+//            'liability_amount'     => ['required_with:liability_start_date', new IsValidPositiveAmount()],
+//            'liability_start_date' => 'required_with:liability_amount|date',
+//            'liability_direction'  => 'nullable|required_if:type,liability|required_if:type,liabilities|in:credit,debit',
+//            'interest'             => 'min:0|max:100|numeric',
+//            'interest_period'      => sprintf('nullable|in:%s', implode(',', config('firefly.interest_periods'))),
+//            'notes'                => 'min:0|max:32768',
         ];
     }
 
diff --git a/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/AccountResource.php b/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/AccountResource.php
index 0a4e4727dc..166be08486 100644
--- a/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/AccountResource.php
+++ b/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/AccountResource.php
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ namespace FireflyIII\JsonApi\V2\Accounts;
 
 use FireflyIII\Models\Account;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
-use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
 use LaravelJsonApi\Core\Resources\JsonApiResource;
 
 /**
@@ -38,7 +37,7 @@ class AccountResource extends JsonApiResource
             'active'                  => $this->resource->active,
             'order'                   => $this->resource->order,
             'iban'                    => $this->resource->iban,
-            'type'                    => $this->resource->account_type_string,
+            'account_type'            => $this->resource->account_type_string,
             'account_role'            => $this->resource->account_role,
             'account_number'          => '' === $this->resource->account_number ? null : $this->resource->account_number,
 
diff --git a/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/AccountSchema.php b/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/AccountSchema.php
index 1374ded384..495376b7dc 100644
--- a/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/AccountSchema.php
+++ b/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/AccountSchema.php
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class AccountSchema extends Schema
             Attribute::make('active')->sortable(),
             Attribute::make('order')->sortable(),
             Attribute::make('iban')->sortable(),
-            Attribute::make('type'),
+            Attribute::make('account_type'),
             Attribute::make('account_role'),
             Attribute::make('account_number')->sortable(),
 
@@ -60,7 +60,9 @@ class AccountSchema extends Schema
             Attribute::make('liability_direction'),
             Attribute::make('interest'),
             Attribute::make('interest_period'),
-            Attribute::make('current_debt')->sortable(),
+            //Attribute::make('current_debt')->sortable(),
+
+            // TODO credit card fields.
 
             // dynamic data
             Attribute::make('last_activity')->sortable(),
diff --git a/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/Capabilities/CrudAccount.php b/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/Capabilities/CrudAccount.php
index 01ac1db16b..ce750fd0fa 100644
--- a/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/Capabilities/CrudAccount.php
+++ b/app/JsonApi/V2/Accounts/Capabilities/CrudAccount.php
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ class CrudAccount extends CrudResource
     }
 
     public function create(array $validatedData): Account {
-        die('here we are');
+        var_dump($validatedData);exit;
+        die('in create method.');
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Policies/AccountPolicy.php b/app/Policies/AccountPolicy.php
index 8bedfaef0e..c67bd80894 100644
--- a/app/Policies/AccountPolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/AccountPolicy.php
@@ -37,6 +37,10 @@ class AccountPolicy
         return auth()->check() && $user->id === $account->user_id;
     }
 
+    public function create(): bool {
+        return auth()->check();
+    }
+
     /**
      * Everybody can do this, but selection should limit to user.
      *
diff --git a/app/Rules/Account/IsUniqueAccount.php b/app/Rules/Account/IsUniqueAccount.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e8fba9ab04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Rules/Account/IsUniqueAccount.php
@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+<?php
+/*
+ * IsUniqueAccount.php
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 james@firefly-iii.org.
+ *
+ * This file is part of Firefly III (https://github.com/firefly-iii).
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
+ * License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
+ */
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace FireflyIII\Rules\Account;
+
+use Closure;
+use FireflyIII\Models\Account;
+use FireflyIII\Models\AccountType;
+use FireflyIII\User;
+use Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\DataAwareRule;
+use Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\ValidationRule;
+
+/**
+ * @method fail(string $string)
+ */
+class IsUniqueAccount implements ValidationRule, DataAwareRule
+{
+    protected Closure $fail;
+    protected array   $data = [];
+
+    /**
+     * @inheritDoc
+     */
+    #[\Override] public function validate(string $attribute, mixed $value, Closure $fail): void
+    {
+        return;
+        $this->fail = $fail;
+        // because a user does not have to be logged in (tests and what-not).
+        if (!auth()->check()) {
+            app('log')->debug('validateUniqueAccountForUser::anon');
+            $fail('validation.nog_logged_in')->translate();
+            return;
+        }
+        if (array_key_exists('type', $this->data)) {
+            app('log')->debug('validateUniqueAccountForUser::typeString');
+
+            $this->validateByAccountTypeString($value, $parameters, (string) $this->data['type']);
+        }
+        if (array_key_exists('account_type_id', $this->data)) {
+            app('log')->debug('validateUniqueAccountForUser::typeId');
+
+            $this->validateByAccountTypeId($value, $parameters);
+        }
+        $parameterId = $parameters[0] ?? null;
+        if (null !== $parameterId) {
+            app('log')->debug('validateUniqueAccountForUser::paramId');
+
+            $this->validateByParameterId((int) $parameterId, $value);
+        }
+        if (array_key_exists('id', $this->data)) {
+            app('log')->debug('validateUniqueAccountForUser::accountId');
+
+            $this->validateByAccountId($value);
+        }
+
+        // without type, just try to validate the name.
+        app('log')->debug('validateUniqueAccountForUser::accountName');
+
+        $this->validateByAccountName($value);
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * TODO duplicate from old validation class.
+     *
+     * @param string $value
+     * @param array  $parameters
+     * @param string $type
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    private function validateByAccountTypeString(string $value, array $parameters, string $type): bool
+    {
+        /** @var null|array $search */
+        $search = config('firefly.accountTypeByIdentifier.%s', $type);
+
+        if (null === $search) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $accountTypes   = AccountType::whereIn('type', $search)->get();
+        $ignore         = (int) ($parameters[0] ?? 0.0);
+        $accountTypeIds = $accountTypes->pluck('id')->toArray();
+
+        /** @var null|Account $result */
+        $result = auth()->user()->accounts()->whereIn('account_type_id', $accountTypeIds)->where('id', '!=', $ignore)
+                        ->where('name', $value)
+                        ->first();
+
+        return null === $result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * TODO duplicate from old validation class.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    private function validateAccountAnonymously(): void
+    {
+        if (!array_key_exists('user_id', $this->data)) {
+            $this->fail('No user ID provided.');
+        }
+
+        /** @var User $user */
+        $user  = User::find($this->data['user_id']);
+        $type  = AccountType::find($this->data['account_type_id'])->first();
+        $value = $this->data['name'];
+
+        /** @var null|Account $result */
+        $result = $user->accounts()->where('account_type_id', $type->id)->where('name', $value)->first();
+
+        return null === $result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * TODO Duplicate from old validation class.
+     *
+     * @param mixed $value
+     * @param mixed $parameters
+     */
+    private function validateByAccountTypeId($value, $parameters): bool
+    {
+        $type   = AccountType::find($this->data['account_type_id'])->first();
+        $ignore = (int) ($parameters[0] ?? 0.0);
+
+        /** @var null|Account $result */
+        $result = auth()->user()->accounts()->where('account_type_id', $type->id)->where('id', '!=', $ignore)
+                        ->where('name', $value)
+                        ->first();
+
+        return null === $result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * TODO Duplicate from old validation class.
+     *
+     * @param mixed $value
+     */
+    private function validateByParameterId(int $accountId, $value): bool
+    {
+        /** @var Account $existingAccount */
+        $existingAccount = Account::find($accountId);
+
+        $type   = $existingAccount->accountType;
+        $ignore = $existingAccount->id;
+
+        $entry = auth()->user()->accounts()->where('account_type_id', $type->id)->where('id', '!=', $ignore)
+                       ->where('name', $value)
+                       ->first();
+
+        return null === $entry;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * TODO Duplicate from old validation class.
+     *
+     * @param mixed $value
+     */
+    private function validateByAccountId($value): bool
+    {
+        /** @var Account $existingAccount */
+        $existingAccount = Account::find($this->data['id']);
+
+        $type   = $existingAccount->accountType;
+        $ignore = $existingAccount->id;
+
+        $entry = auth()->user()->accounts()->where('account_type_id', $type->id)->where('id', '!=', $ignore)
+                       ->where('name', $value)
+                       ->first();
+
+        return null === $entry;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * TODO is duplicate
+     * TODO does not take group into account. Must be made group aware.
+     *
+     * @param string $value
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    private function validateByAccountName(string $value): bool
+    {
+        return 0 === auth()->user()->accounts()->where('name', $value)->count();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @inheritDoc
+     */
+    #[\Override] public function setData(array $data): void
+    {
+        $this->data = $data;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Support/Models/AccountBalanceCalculator.php b/app/Support/Models/AccountBalanceCalculator.php
index 162e010ccf..c23e816fc0 100644
--- a/app/Support/Models/AccountBalanceCalculator.php
+++ b/app/Support/Models/AccountBalanceCalculator.php
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ class AccountBalanceCalculator
 
     private function getStartAmounts(Account $account, TransactionJournal $journal): array
     {
-        exit('here we are');
+        exit('here we are 1');
 
         return [];
     }
diff --git a/app/Support/Steam.php b/app/Support/Steam.php
index 00b50458f6..10150da8b9 100644
--- a/app/Support/Steam.php
+++ b/app/Support/Steam.php
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class Steam
      */
     public function balanceIgnoreVirtual(Account $account, Carbon $date): string
     {
-        Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
+        //Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
         /** @var AccountRepositoryInterface $repository */
         $repository = app(AccountRepositoryInterface::class);
         $repository->setUser($account->user);
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ class Steam
      */
     public function balanceInRange(Account $account, Carbon $start, Carbon $end, ?TransactionCurrency $currency = null): array
     {
-        Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
+//        Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
         $cache = new CacheProperties();
         $cache->addProperty($account->id);
         $cache->addProperty('balance-in-range');
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ class Steam
      */
     public function balance(Account $account, Carbon $date, ?TransactionCurrency $currency = null): string
     {
-        Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
+//        Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
         // abuse chart properties:
         $cache = new CacheProperties();
         $cache->addProperty($account->id);
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ class Steam
      */
     public function balanceInRangeConverted(Account $account, Carbon $start, Carbon $end, TransactionCurrency $native): array
     {
-        Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
+//        Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
         $cache = new CacheProperties();
         $cache->addProperty($account->id);
         $cache->addProperty('balance-in-range-converted');
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ class Steam
      */
     public function balanceConverted(Account $account, Carbon $date, TransactionCurrency $native): string
     {
-        Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
+//        Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
         Log::debug(sprintf('Now in balanceConverted (%s) for account #%d, converting to %s', $date->format('Y-m-d'), $account->id, $native->code));
         $cache = new CacheProperties();
         $cache->addProperty($account->id);
@@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ class Steam
      */
     public function balancesByAccounts(Collection $accounts, Carbon $date): array
     {
-        Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
+//        Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
         $ids = $accounts->pluck('id')->toArray();
         // cache this property.
         $cache = new CacheProperties();
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ class Steam
      */
     public function balancesByAccountsConverted(Collection $accounts, Carbon $date): array
     {
-        Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
+//        Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
         $ids = $accounts->pluck('id')->toArray();
         // cache this property.
         $cache = new CacheProperties();
@@ -591,7 +591,7 @@ class Steam
      */
     public function balancesPerCurrencyByAccounts(Collection $accounts, Carbon $date): array
     {
-        Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
+//        Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
         $ids = $accounts->pluck('id')->toArray();
         // cache this property.
         $cache = new CacheProperties();
@@ -617,7 +617,7 @@ class Steam
 
     public function balancePerCurrency(Account $account, Carbon $date): array
     {
-        Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
+//        Log::warning(sprintf('Deprecated method %s, do not use.', __METHOD__));
         // abuse chart properties:
         $cache = new CacheProperties();
         $cache->addProperty($account->id);
diff --git a/resources/lang/en_US/validation.php b/resources/lang/en_US/validation.php
index bcdd07207e..2a9df099fc 100644
--- a/resources/lang/en_US/validation.php
+++ b/resources/lang/en_US/validation.php
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ return [
     'filter_must_be_in'               => 'Filter ":filter" must be one of: :values',
     'filter_not_string'               => 'Filter ":filter" is expected to be a string of text',
     'bad_api_filter'                  => 'This API endpoint does not support ":filter" as a filter.',
+    'nog_logged_in' => 'You are not logged in.',
     'bad_type_source'                 => 'Firefly III can\'t determine the transaction type based on this source account.',
     'bad_type_destination'            => 'Firefly III can\'t determine the transaction type based on this destination account.',
     'missing_where'                   => 'Array is missing "where"-clause',
diff --git a/routes/api.php b/routes/api.php
index e64211bebf..74ac5b7dcb 100644
--- a/routes/api.php
+++ b/routes/api.php
@@ -241,19 +241,18 @@ Route::group(
 
 // V2 JSON API ROUTES
 JsonApiRoute::server('v2')->prefix('v2')
-    ->resources(function (ResourceRegistrar $server): void {
-        // ACCOUNTS
-        $server->resource('accounts', AccountController::class)->relationships(function (Relationships $relations): void {
-            $relations->hasOne('user')->readOnly();
-        });
-        //                $server->resource('accounts', AccountController::class)->readOnly();
+            ->resources(function (ResourceRegistrar $server): void {
+                // ACCOUNTS
+                $server->resource('accounts', AccountController::class)
+                       ->relationships(function (Relationships $relations): void {
+                           $relations->hasOne('user')->readOnly();
+                       });
 
-        // USERS
-        $server->resource('users', JsonApiController::class)->readOnly()->relationships(function (Relationships $relations): void {
-            $relations->hasMany('accounts')->readOnly();
-        });
-    })
-;
+                // USERS
+                $server->resource('users', JsonApiController::class)->readOnly()->relationships(function (Relationships $relations): void {
+                    $relations->hasMany('accounts')->readOnly();
+                });
+            });
 
 /*
  * ____    ____  __     .______        ______    __    __  .___________. _______     _______.